A Fossil Lithospermum (Boraginaceae) from the Tertiary of South Dakota by Mark L. ^ "Health – Contraceptive, Indian Style".Anti-adenovirus activities of shikonin, a component of Chinese herbal medicine in vitro. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 47(9), 2810–2816. Shikonin, a component of Chinese herbal medicine, inhibits chemokine receptor function and suppresses human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Five new species of Lithospermum L.(Boraginaceae tribe Lithospermeae) in Andean South America: another radiation in the Amotape-Huancabamba zone. Archived at the Wayback Machine Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). ^ GRIN Species Records of Lithospermum.Comparative floral development in Lithospermum (Boraginaceae) and implications for the evolution and development of heterostyly. "Nomenclatural changes in Lithospermum (Boraginaceae) and related taxa following a reassessment of phylogenetic relationships". | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". The fossils closely resemble the nutlets of Lithospermum caroliniense and Lithospermum incisum. The fossil nutlets were preserved in various stages of maturity. shows similarities in size, shape, attachment and epidermal cell patterns to extant Lithospermum species. Fossil record ħ petrified nutlets and nutlet fragments of a Lithospermum species have been described from the Late Miocene Ash Hollow Formation, Ogallala Group, five km south of Martin in Bennett County, South Dakota. In southwestern North America, a species of this genus was used as a contraceptive by the Shoshone Native American tribe. Lithospermum erythrorhizon is native to Japan, where it has been traditionally used to make a purple dye. The dried root of Lithospermum erythrorhizon is a Chinese herbal medicine with various antiviral and biological activities, including inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Lithospermum leaves are eaten by the caterpillars of certain Lepidoptera, such as the moth Ethmia pusiella which has been recorded on L. Lithospermum tuberosum – southern stoneseed, tuberous gromwell.Lithospermum ruderale – western stoneseed, Columbia puccoon, wayside gromwell, whiteweed. Buglossoides purpurocaerulea) – purple gromwell Lithospermum parviflorum – eastern prairie marbleseed Vaistin tauk (Symphytum officinale) agurklini (Boraginaceae) eimos daugiametis, iurkiai plaukuotas olinis augalas su storomis ir akotomis aknimis bei stambiais lapais.i tauk yra viena i dviej Lietuvoje augani tauks ri, o pasaulyje j inoma keliasdeimt.Lithospermum parksii – Parks' stoneseed.Lithospermum officinale – common gromwell, European stoneseed.Lithospermum obtusifolium – roundleaf stoneseed.Lithospermum multiflorum – manyflowered stoneseed.Lithospermum molle – softhair marbleseed.Lithospermum mirabile – San Antonio stoneseed.Lithospermum matamorense – rough stoneseed.Lithospermum latifolium – American stoneseed.Lithospermum incisum – narrowleaf stoneseed, fringed gromwell.Lithospermum erythrorhizon – purple gromwell, red-root gromwell, 紫草 zicao ( Pinyin: zǐcǎo), 紫草 murasaki・sō ( Japanese).Lithospermum confine – Arizona stoneseed.Lithospermum cobrense – smooththroat stoneseed.Lithospermum caroliniense – Carolina gromwell, hairy puccoon.Lithospermum canescens – hoary puccoon, Indian-paint.Comfrey products have been withdrawn from the market in several countries. Lithospermum calycosum – Chinati stoneseed Symphytum officinale (black wort, boneset, bruise wort, comfrey, knitback, knitbone, slippery root) contains pyrrolizidine alkaloids, such as lasiocarpine and symphytine, and their N-oxides, and has repeatedly been associated with hepatotoxicity.Lithospermum californicum – California stoneseed.Lithospermum bejariense – western marbleseed.Buglossoides arvensis) – field gromwell, corn gromwell In addition, a 2009 molecular study showed that the genus Onosmodium should be included within Lithospermum. Some species, such as Lithospermum arvense, are sometimes classified in the genus Buglossoides, but that genus is subsumed into Lithospermum by works such as the Flora of China. There are about 50, to 60 species in the genus. Species are known generally as gromwells or stoneseeds. The genus is distributed nearly worldwide, but most are native to the Americas and the center of diversity is in the southwestern United States and Mexico. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.Lithospermum is a genus of plants belonging to the family Boraginaceae. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. Liste de Tracheophyta de Bosnie-Herzégovine.Liste der Gefäßpflanzen in Bosnien und Herzegowina.
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